"Civil Rights II" (1961-65) by Corinne Mitchell

The Aftermath of Emancipation
Popular Culture History

Lesson 3

According to author Joel Kovel, primary symbols include any symbols that refer to a feeling, thought, action, value, etc. and which is, correspondingly, free of reference to an external object; and, secondary symbols are operative when primary symbols are applied to specific objects.

 

Consideration:

 


Consider civil rights as a primary symbol. Consider the 1963 March on Washington as a secondary symbol, given that thousands of protesters marched to demand sweeping civil rights legislation.

Consider also that the death of W.E.B. DuBois in Accra, Ghana was announced at the March on Washington ceremony.

 

 

 

Read the following excerpt from the text Dusk of Dawnby W.E.B. DuBois and, based on the content in the excerpt, see if you can determine why the title of DuBois' book serves as a primary symbol that connotes agitation for civil rights.

 

Assignment:

 


a) Preceding the March on Washington, Medger Evers was assassinated in Mississippi. Conduct a search to learn about Medger Evers and why he was killed.

 

b) After the March on Washington, on September 15, 1963 four African American girls--Addie Mae Collins, Carol Robertson, Carol D. McNair, and Cynthia Wesley were killed when segregationists bombed the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama. Conduct a search to learn more about this bombing.

 

c) In November 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, TX. Conduct a search to learn more about this event.


Exercise:

 

Explain how the three incidents outlined in the assignment above serve as secondary symbols that are impacted as a result of agitation directed toward civil rights as a primary symbol. Write an essay that examines how, once each of the secondary symbolic acts were carried out

a) agitation for civil rights as primary symbol received more support because the U.S. populace was outraged about the murders in question.

b) Or agitation for civil rights received less support because the populace looked the other way once the murders occurred.

Write your response in the form below:

Your Name:

Your E-Mail Address:

Mail to:

Subject:

(L3Q1)

Your response:

 

 

 

End of The Aftermath of Emancipation


Popular Culture History Selection List | Fact of Contact Menu