| King Henry VIII declares himself the supreme head of the church in England. | English Reformation |
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| M¸nster debacle begins as Jan van Leiden is crowned as king and Matthijs arrives. | Radical Reformation |
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| Pope Paul III elected. | Catholic Reformation |
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| Act of Supremacy. | English Reformation |
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| Menno Simons publishes The Spiritual Resurrection. | Simons |
Radical Reformation |
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| Tommaso de Vio Gaetani Cajetan dies. | Cajetan |
Catholic Reformation |
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| Schwenckfeld is exiled from Strasbourg. | Schwenckfeld |
Radical Reformation |
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| Karlstadt becomes professor of Old Testament at Basel. | Karlstadt |
Radical Reformation |
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| Pope Clement VII dies. | Catholic Reformation |
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| August 15 | Ignatius Loyola and six others (including Francis Xavier) take vows of celebacy and poverty and commit to serving God. | Loyola |
Catholic Reformation |
| January 5 | Bartholomeus Boekbinder ane William de Kuiper arrive in M¸nster and initiate believers' baptism | Radical Reformation |